Self-concept is a multi-dimensional construct that refers to an individual's perception of "self" in relation to any number of characteristics, such as academics (and nonacademics),[1][2][3][4][5] gender roles and sexuality,[6][7][8] racial identity,[9] and many others. While closely related with self-concept clarity (which "refers to the extent to which self-knowledge Self-knowledge is a prerequisite of self-consciousness alongside self-awareness. However, self-awareness may in itself be a necessary condition for self-knowledge to be sought after and developed in the first place. Self-awareness alone is not enough for a being to be considered self-conscious; young infants and even animals display elements of is clearly and confidently defined, internally consistent, and temporally stable"),[10] it presupposes but is distinguishable from self-awareness Self-awareness is the awareness of the self as separate from the thoughts that are occurring at any point in time. Without self-awareness the self perceives and believes the thoughts that are occurring to be who the self is. Self-awareness gives one the option or choice to choose thoughts being thought rather than simply thinking the thoughts that, which is simply an individual's awareness of their self. It is also more general than self-esteem Self-esteem is a term used in psychology to reflect a person's overall evaluation or appraisal of his or her own worth. Self-esteem encompasses beliefs and emotions such as triumph, despair, pride and shame. A person's self-esteem may be reflected in their behaviour, such as in assertiveness, shyness, confidence or caution. Self-esteem can apply, which is the purely evaluative element of the self-concept.[11]
The self-concept is composed of relatively permanent self-assessments,[citation needed] such as personality Personality can be defined as a dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences his or her cognitions, motivations, and behaviors in various situations . The word "personality" originates from the Latin persona, which means mask. Significantly, in the theatre of the ancient Latin-speaking world, attributes, knowledge of one's skills and abilities, one's occupation and hobbies, and awareness of one's physical attributes. For example, the statement, "I am lazy" is a self-assessment that contributes to the self-concept. In contrast, the statement "I am tired" would not normally be considered part of someone's self-concept, since being tired is a temporary state. Nevertheless, a person's self-concept may change with time, possibly going through turbulent periods of identity crisis The identity is "a subjective sense as well as an observable quality of personal sameness and continuity, paired with some belief in the sameness and continuity of some shared world image. As a quality of unself-conscious living, this can be gloriously obvious in a young person who has found himself as he has found his communality. In him we and reassessment.
The self-concept is not restricted to the present. It includes past selves and future selves. Future selves or "possible selves" represent individuals' ideas of what they might become, what they would like to become, and what they are afraid of becoming. They correspond to hopes, fears, standards, goals, and threats. Possible selves may function as incentives for future behavior and they also provide an evaluative and interpretive context for the current view of self.[12]
In philosophy Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. It is distinguished from other ways of addressing fundamental questions by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument. The word "philosophy" comes from the, there is the concept of the ipse identity ("who am I?") as introduced by Paul Ricoeur Paul Ricœur was a French philosopher best known for combining phenomenological description with hermeneutic interpretation. As such, he is connected to two other major hermeneutic phenomenologists, Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer.[13]
See also
- Identity (social science) Identity is an umbrella term used throughout the social sciences to describe a person's conception and expression of their individuality or group affiliations . The term is used more specifically in psychology and sociology, including the two forms of social psychology. The term is also used with respect to place identity
- Personal identity
- Self (psychology) The self is a key construct in several schools of psychology, broadly referring to the cognitive and affective representation of one's identity. The earliest formulation of the self in modern psychology from the distinction between the self as I, the subjective knower, and the self as Me, the object that is known. Current views of the self in
- Self-efficacy Self-efficacy has been defined in a variety of ways: as the belief that one is capable of performing in a certain manner to attain certain goals, as a person’s belief about their capabilities to produce designated levels of performance that exercise influence over events that affect their lives. It is a belief that one has the capabilities to
- Self-image A person's self image is the mental picture, generally of a kind that is quite resistant to change, that depicts not only details that are potentially available to objective investigation by others , but also items that have been learned by that person about himself or herself, either from personal experiences or by internalizing the judgments of
- Self-Schema The term self-schema refers to the beliefs and ideas people have about themselves. These beliefs are used to guide and organize information processing, especially when the information is significant to the self. Self-schemas are important to a person's overall self-concept
References
- ^ Bong, M., & Clark, R. E. (1999). Comparison between self-concept and self-efficacy in academic motivation research. Educational Psychologist, 34(3), 139-153.
- ^ Byrne, B. M. (1984). The general/academic self-concept nomological network: A review of construct validation research. Review of Educational Research, 54, 427-456.
- ^ Byrne, B. M., & Worth Gavin, D. A. (1996). The Shavelson model revisited: Testing for the structure of academic self-concept across pre-, early, and late adolescents. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88, 215-228.
- ^ Shavelson, R. J., & Bolus, R. (1982). Self-concept: The interplay of theory and methods. Journal of Educational Psychology, 74, 3-17.
- ^ Shavelson, R. J., Hubner, J. J., & Stanton, G. C. (1976). Self-concept: Validation of construct interpretations. Review of Educational Research, 46, 407-441.
- ^ Hoffman, Rose Marie, John A. Hattie, and L. DiAnne Borders. "Personal definitions of masculinity and femininity as an aspect of gender self-concept." Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development 44.1 (2005): 66+.
- ^ Wade, Jay C. "Male reference group identity dependence: a theory of male identity." The Counseling Psychologist 26.3 (1998): 349+.
- ^ Hoffman, Rose Marie. "Conceptualizing heterosexual identity development: issues and challenges." Journal of Counseling and Development 82.3 (2004): 375+.
- ^ Aries, Elizabeth, et al. "Race and gender as components of the working self-concept." The Journal of Social Psychology 138.3 (1998): 277+.
- ^ Ayduk, Ozlem, Anett Gyurak, and Anna Luerssen. "Rejection sensitivity moderates the impact of rejection on self-concept clarity." Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin 35.11 (2009): 1467+.
- ^ Fleming, J. S., & Courtney, B. E. (1984). The dimensionality of self-esteem: II Hierarchical facet model for revised measurement scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 404-421.
- ^ Markus, H., & Nurius, P. (1986). Possible selves. American Psychologist, 41, 954-969.
- ^ Ricoeur, Paul Paul Ricœur was a French philosopher best known for combining phenomenological description with hermeneutic interpretation. As such, he is connected to two other major hermeneutic phenomenologists, Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer; Blamey, Kathleen (1995). Oneself as Another (Soi-même comme un autre), trans. Kathleen Blamey.. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. http://books.google.com/books?id=uCZSOYcB_CIC.
External links
- An Overview of Self-Concept Theory for Counselors
- Assessment of Self-Concept
- Self-concept (Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology)
- Self-Concept and Self-Esteem (Valdosta)
- What Are The Effects Of The Self-Concept Theory In High School Students? (Lance Maruscsak)
Categories: Educational psychology | Conceptions of self Categories: Self | Spirituality | Philosophy of mind
Thu, 03 Jun 2010 13:38:34 GMT+00:00
NewsReleaseWire.com (press release) It is the surge of the life force in you, from beyond the threshold of your self-concept . The will to live, to renew, to connect and to create is ...
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Self concept and self esteem can drastically decline due to life experiences such as bullying concerns with body image divorce rejection and so forth A lot of children have a
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Mon, 09 Nov 2009 06:16:36 GM
I gained . self. -confidence and a clearer . self. -. concept. through my journey of deep personal growth. I am now confident that I have developed a deep pool of personal awareness that gives me great wisdom in my choices. ...
